What are the movements of the thoracic/lumbar spine?

The movements of the thoracic and lumbar spine primarily include flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral flexion. However, focusing specifically on the thoracic and lumbar regions, lateral flexion and extension are particularly significant in these areas.

In the thoracic spine, which is structured to allow for rotations due to the rib attachments, lateral flexion also plays a crucial role in mobility and flexibility. The lumbar spine, on the other hand, is primarily responsible for flexion and extension while also permitting some degree of lateral flexion.

While the thoracic spine can rotate, the lumbar spine has a more limited range of rotational movement but allows for significant bending forward (flexion) and back (extension). The chosen answer emphasizes the connection between extension and lateral flexion, which are both fundamental movements in these regions of the spine, particularly in functional and athletic activities.

Other options may include movements that are not as characteristic of the thoracic or lumbar spine, such as abduction, which is mainly associated with the shoulder girdle or lower limbs rather than spinal motion. Thus, the selected correct answer highlights the most relevant movements specific to the thoracic and lumbar spine.