What is the primary movement caused by the soleus at the ankle joint?

The primary movement caused by the soleus at the ankle joint is plantar flexion. The soleus is one of the major muscles located in the calf area, lying beneath the gastrocnemius. Its main function is to enable movements that point the toes downward, which is essential for actions such as standing on tiptoes, walking, running, and jumping.

Plantar flexion occurs when the foot is extended away from the leg, and it is crucial for maintaining balance and propelling the body forward during various physical activities. The soleus works in conjunction with the gastrocnemius and other muscles to achieve this movement, making it a vital muscle for lower limb function.

The other options refer to movements that do not accurately describe the function of the soleus. Adduction and abduction relate to movements toward and away from the body’s midline, respectively, which are not functions of the soleus. Dorsiflexion, on the other hand, involves raising the foot toward the shin, a movement primarily facilitated by the muscles located in the front of the lower leg rather than the soleus. Therefore, plantar flexion is the only option that accurately reflects the primary action of the soleus at the ankle joint.